{"id":1165,"date":"2023-07-25T12:57:11","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T12:57:11","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-07-25T12:57:11","modified_gmt":"2023-07-25T12:57:11","slug":"builtins","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/fusion360.in.ua\/?page_id=1165","title":{"rendered":"\u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"body_content\" id=\"body-content\">\n<div class=\"head-block\">\n<h1 itemprop=\"name\">\u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<p> \u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438, \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456, \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"builtin-constants\"> \u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438<\/h2>\n<p> \u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u044f\u043a \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0449\u043e. \u0411\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0456\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442, \u0443 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430 (\u0434\u0438\u0432., \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, UL_PIN).<\/p>\n<p> \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0456\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0456\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432:<\/p>\n<div class=\"ui-table-wrap\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td> EAGLE_VERSION<\/td>\n<td> \u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 EAGLE (int)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> EAGLE_RELEASE<\/td>\n<td> \u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 EAGLE (int)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> EAGLE_SIGNATURE<\/td>\n<td> \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 EAGLE, \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> EAGLE_PATH<\/td>\n<td> \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443 EAGLE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> EAGLE_DIR<\/td>\n<td> \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f EAGLE ($EAGLEDIR)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> EAGLE_HOME<\/td>\n<td> \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0443 EAGLE ($HOME)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> eagle_epf<\/td>\n<td> \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e eagle.epf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> OS_SIGNATURE<\/td>\n<td> \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, Mac&#8230;, Windows&#8230; \u0430\u0431\u043e Linux)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> REAL_EPSILON<\/td>\n<td> \u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0435, \u0449\u043e 1,0 + REAL_EPSILON != 1,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> REAL_MAX<\/td>\n<td> \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> REAL_MIN<\/td>\n<td> \u043d\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435 (\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0435!) \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0454 -REAL_MAX<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> INT_MAX<\/td>\n<td> \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f int<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> INT_MIN<\/td>\n<td> \u043d\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f int<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u041f\u0406<\/td>\n<td> \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f &quot;\u043f\u0456&quot; (3.14&#8230;, \u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0435)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/td>\n<td> \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438 #usage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p> \u0426\u0456 \u0432\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432, \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0432 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432, \u0456\u0437 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 ($HOME \u0442\u0430 $EAGLEDIR), \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0457\u0445\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u041e\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432, \u0446\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0437 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0435\u0446\u044c \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">path_lbr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[]<\/span><span class=\"pln\">    <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Libraries<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">path_dru<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[]<\/span><span class=\"pln\">    <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Design<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Rules<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">path_ulp<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[]<\/span><span class=\"pln\">    <\/span><span class=\"typ\">User<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Language<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Programs<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">path_scr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[]<\/span><span class=\"pln\">    <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Scripts<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">path_cam<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> CAM<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Jobs<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">path_epf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[]<\/span><span class=\"pln\">    <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Projects<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0446\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443, \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432, \u044f\u043a \u0443<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> path_lbr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">+<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&#39;\/&#39;<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">+<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;mylib.lbr&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0411\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 USE:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">used_libraries<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[]<\/span><span class=\"pln\">  <\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"builtin-variables\">\u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456<\/h2>\n<p> \u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> argc number of arguments given to the RUN command<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> argv<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> arguments given to the RUN command<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">argv<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">is<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> the full ULP file name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"builtin-functions\"> \u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/h2>\n<p> \u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044c, \u044f\u043a-\u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u0449\u043e.<\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0457\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0437\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432<\/li>\n<li> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432<\/li>\n<li> \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/li>\n<li> \u0420\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/li>\n<li> \u041c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/li>\n<li> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443<\/li>\n<li> \u0420\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/li>\n<li> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443<\/li>\n<li> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043e\u0431&#39;\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430<\/li>\n<li> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 XML<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u0410\u043b\u0444\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u0432\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0439:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">abs<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">acos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">asin<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">atan<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">ceil<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">cfgget<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">cfgset<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">clrgroup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">country<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">cos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">exit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">exp<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">fdlsignature<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">filedir<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">fileerror<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">fileext<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">fileglob<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">filename<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">fileread<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">filesetext<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">filesize<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">filetime<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">floor<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">frac<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">inch2u<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">ingroup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isalnum<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isalpha<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">iscntrl<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isdigit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isgraph<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">islower<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isprint<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">ispunct<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isspace<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isupper<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isxdigit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">language<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">log<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">log10<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">lookup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">max<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">mic2u<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">mil2u<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">min<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">mm2u<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">neterror<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">netget<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">netpost<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">palette<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">pow<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">round<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">setgroup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">setvariant<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sin<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sleep<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sort<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sprintf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sqrt<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">status<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strchr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strjoin<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strlen<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strlwr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strrchr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strrstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strsplit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strsub<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strtod<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strtol<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strupr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strxstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">system<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2day<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2dayofweek<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2hour<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2minute<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2month<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2second<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2string<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2year<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">tan<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">time<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">tolower<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">toupper<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">trunc<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">u2inch<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">u2mic<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">u2mil<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">u2mm<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">variant<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">xmlattribute<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">xmlattributes<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">xmlelement<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">xmlelements<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">xmltags<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">xmltext<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"character-functions\"> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430<\/h4>\n<p> \u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u0437 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">isalnum<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isalpha<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">iscntrl<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isdigit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isgraph<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">islower<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isprint<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">ispunct<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isspace<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isupper<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isxdigit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">tolower<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">toupper<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u0454&#8230;()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> isalnum<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> isalpha<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> iscntrl<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> isdigit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> isgraph<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> islower<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> isprint<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ispunct<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> isspace<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> isupper<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> isxdigit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 is&#8230; \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044e; \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0456\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0448\u0435.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u041a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0456\u0432<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">isalnum letters<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">A to Z<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">or<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> a to z<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">or<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> digits<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> to<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">9<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isalpha letters<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">A to Z<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">or<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> a to z<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">iscntrl<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">delete<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> characters<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">or<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ordinary control characters<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0x7F<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">or<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0x00<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> to<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0x1F<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isdigit digits<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> to<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">9<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isgraph printing characters<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">except<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> space<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">islower lowercase letters<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">a to z<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isprint printing characters<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0x20<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> to<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0x7E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">ispunct punctuation characters<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">iscntrl<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">or<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> isspace<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isspace space<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> tab<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> carriage<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">return<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">new<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> line<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> vertical tab<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">or<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> formfeed<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0x09<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> to<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0x0D<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0x20<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isupper uppercase letters<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">A to Z<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isxdigit hex digits<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> to<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">9<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> A to F<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> a to f<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&#39;A&#39;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">isxdigit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">))<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;%c is hex\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">else<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;%c is not hex\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u0434\u043e&#8230;()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> tolower<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> toupper<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>tolower<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e c \u0454 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0456\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u0423\u0441\u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d. \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>toupper<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e c \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u0423\u0441\u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 strupr, strlwr<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"file-handling-functions\"> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432<\/h4>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u0437 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044f\u043d\u044c\u0442\u0435 <em>output()<\/em> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0442\u0435, \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>fileerror()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\/\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> fileerror<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">();<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>fileerror<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 0, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 output, printf, fileread<\/p>\n<p> <em>fileerror<\/em> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u044f\u0454 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\/\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457, \u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 0, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0437 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f-\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434 0.<\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438 <em>fileerror<\/em> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f-\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0441\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438, \u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f-\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u041a\u043e\u043b\u0438 <em>fileerror<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434 0 (\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443), \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">fileerror<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">();<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">output<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;file.txt&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;wt&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Test\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">fileerror<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">())<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n   <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">exit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>fileglob()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0437\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> fileglob<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&amp;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">array<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pattern<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>fileglob<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0456\u0432, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u0439\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 dlgFileOpen(), dlgFileSave()<\/p>\n<p> <em>fileglob<\/em> \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0437\u0456 \u0437\u0430 <em>\u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c<\/em> .<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d<\/em> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438 &quot; <em>&quot; \u0442\u0430 &quot;?&quot; \u044f\u043a \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e *\u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d<\/em> \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0456\u043d\u0447\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 &#39;\/&#39;, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0406\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0456\u043d\u0447\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 &#39;\/&#39;, \u0454 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> \u041c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u043b\u0444\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0439\u0434\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u00ab.\u00bb \u0456 \u00ab..\u00bb (\u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0432) \u043d\u0456\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>\u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d<\/em> \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0431\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0431\u043e \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a \u0443 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0437\u0456, \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u043c.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0456\u0432 Windows: \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0436\u0434\u0438 \u0454 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430. \u0426\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0454, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438. \u0423 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 (&#39;&#39;) \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p> \u0421\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0443 Windows \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> a<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[];<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> fileglob<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">a<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;*.brd&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0420\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0456 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> filedir<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> file<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> fileext<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> file<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> filename<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> file<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> filesetext<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> file<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> newext<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>filedir<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443 (\u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0437 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0434 Windows).<\/p>\n<p> <em>fileext<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <em>filename<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443 (\u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0437 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c).<\/p>\n<p> <em>filesetext<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0456\u0437 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c newext.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 Filedata<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">board<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> board<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">output<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">filesetext<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;.out&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">))<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n    <\/span><span class=\"pun\">...<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n    <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 Filedata<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0454 \u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> filesize<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> filename<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> filetime<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> filename<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>filesize<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440 (\u0443 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430\u0445) \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <em>filetime<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0447\u0430\u0441, \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">board<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Board: %s\nSize: %d\nTime: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> filesize<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">),<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2string<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">filetime<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)));<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> fileread()<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044f\u043d\u044c\u0442\u0435 output() \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0442\u0435, \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>fileread()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> fileread<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dest<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> file<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>fileread<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 <em>dest<\/em> .<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a, strsplit, fileerror<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>dest<\/em> \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456, \u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432 (\u0449\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0454 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440\u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443).<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>dest<\/em> \u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b (\u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0443), \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u0437\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432. \u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>dest<\/em> \u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 (\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0454 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440\u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u0437 &quot;cr\/lf&quot; \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430).<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> b<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[];<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> nBytes<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> fileread<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">b<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;data.bin&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> lines<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[];<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> nLines<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> fileread<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">lines<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;data.txt&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> text<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> nChars<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> fileread<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">text<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;data.txt&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"mathematical-functions\"> \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/h4>\n<p> \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">abs<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">acos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">asin<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">atan<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">ceil<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">cos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">exp<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">floor<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">frac<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">log<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">log10<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">max<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">min<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">pow<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">round<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sin<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sqrt<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">trunc<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">tan<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u0438<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">1.0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real r<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> sqrt<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">2<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">*<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"typ\">Invalid<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> argument<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">in<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> call to<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&#39;sqrt(-2)&#39;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u0443, \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0443\u043c\u0443<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0410\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442, \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c \u0456 \u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0443\u043c \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0439.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">type abs<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">type x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">type max<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">type x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> type y<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">type min<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">type x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> type y<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>abs<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f x.<\/p>\n<p> <em>max<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c x \u0456 y.<\/p>\n<p> <em>min<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0443\u043c x \u0456 y.<\/p>\n<p> \u0422\u0438\u043f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0439, \u044f\u043a \u0456 (\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0439) \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432. <em>\u0422\u0438\u043f<\/em> \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 char, int \u0430\u0431\u043e real.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">2.567<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> y<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">3.14<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The maximum is %f\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> max<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> y<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">));<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">real ceil<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real floor<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real frac<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real round<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real trunc<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>ceil<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430 x.<\/p>\n<p> <em>floor<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e, \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430 x.<\/p>\n<p> <em>frac<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0443 x.<\/p>\n<p> <em>round<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 x, \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0447\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0456\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>trunc<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0443 x.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">2.567<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The rounded value of %f is %f\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> round<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">));<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u0422\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0422\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">real acos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real asin<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real atan<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real cos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real sin<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real tan<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>acos<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0430\u0440\u043a\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 x.<\/p>\n<p> <em>asin<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 x.<\/p>\n<p> <em>atan<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0441 x.<\/p>\n<p> <em>cos<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 x.<\/p>\n<p> <em>sin<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 x.<\/p>\n<p> <em>tan<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0441 x.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438<\/em><\/p>\n<p> PI \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f &quot;\u043f\u0456&quot; (3.14&#8230;) <\/p>\n<div class=\"callout callout-note\">\n<div class=\"callout-title\"><i class=\"callout-icon fa fa-pencil\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0430:<\/div>\n<div class=\"callout-body\">\n<p> \u041a\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> PI<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">2<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The sine of %f is %f\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> sin<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">));<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u0415\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0415\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">real exp<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real log<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real log10<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real pow<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> real y<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real sqrt<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>exp<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 e \u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0456 x. <em>log<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c x. <em>log10<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u043c x \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e 10. <em>pow<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f x \u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0456 y. <em>sqrt<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0456\u043d\u044c \u0437 x.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">real x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">2.1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The square root of %f is %f\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> sqrt<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">));<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The 3rd root of %f is %f\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pow<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">1.0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">3<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">));<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"miscellaneous-functions\"> \u0420\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/h4>\n<p> \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044c \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0456\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/li>\n<li> \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0430()<\/li>\n<li> \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434()<\/li>\n<li> fdlsignature()<\/li>\n<li> \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430()<\/li>\n<li> \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a()<\/li>\n<li> \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0430()<\/li>\n<li> sort()<\/li>\n<li> \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441()<\/li>\n<li> \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430()<\/li>\n<li> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <strong>\u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0456\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0417\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0456\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cfgget<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">default<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cfgset<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> value<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>cfgget<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c (\u0430\u0431\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e). \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f cfgget \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 cfgset().<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>cfgset<\/em> \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044e\u0454 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438: \u00abA\u00bb-\u00abZ\u00bb, \u00aba\u00bb-\u00abz\u00bb, \u00ab0\u00bb-\u20199\u00bb, \u00ab.\u00bb \u0456 &#39;_&#39;.<\/p>\n<p> \u041d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0447\u0443\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 <em>eaglerc<\/em> . \u0429\u043e\u0431 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432, \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0449\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443 ULP \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, ULP \u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u044e <em>mytool.ulp<\/em> , \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u044e MyParam, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u044e<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">mytool<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">MyParam<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u041e\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0456\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456 <em>eaglerc<\/em> , \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0456 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 EAGLE, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 EAGLE \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e <em>cfgget()<\/em> \u0456 <em>cfgset()<\/em> . \u0429\u043e\u0431 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 ULP \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0442\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0437 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 EAGLE, \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 EAGLE \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0441 &quot;EAGLE:&quot;, \u044f\u043a \u0443<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">EAGLE<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">:<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Option<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">XrefLabelFormat<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0417\u0430\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0449\u043e\u0434\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0448\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 EAGLE \u0442\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456 <em>eaglerc<\/em> . \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0456, \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u044e\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u0437 \u0446\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432! \u042f\u043a \u0456 \u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043c \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u043c <em>eaglerc<\/em> , \u0432\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0454\u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435! \u0414\u0435\u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 EAGLE \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0443 EAGLE, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443. \u0423 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456 <em>eaglerc<\/em> \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0441\u043e\u043c &quot;ULP:&quot;. \u0422\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430, \u044f\u043a \u0443<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">ULP<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">:<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">mytool<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">MyParam<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">MyParam<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> cfgget<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;mytool.MyParam&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;SomeDefault&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"typ\">MyParam<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;OtherValue&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">cfgset<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;mytool.MyParam&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">MyParam<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0430()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> country<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">();<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>country<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0449\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0443\u0454 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0443, \u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0456. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u0443\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c &quot;\u0421\u0428\u0410&quot;.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">dlgMessageBox<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Your country code is: &quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">+<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> country<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">());<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0456\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">exit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> result<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">exit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> command<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0411\u0406\u0413\u0422\u0418<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0443\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0446\u0456\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442, \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043e\u044e. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e <em>\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443<\/em> , \u0446\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043d\u0456\u0431\u0438 \u0457\u0457 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u043e \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438 RUN. \u0423 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f ULP, \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f EXIT_SUCCESS.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">EXIT_SUCCESS<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">return<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> value<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">for<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> successful program execution<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">value<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">EXIT_FAILURE<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">return<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> value<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">for<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> failed program execution<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">value<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">-<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>fdlsignature()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0420\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u0434\u043b\u044f Premier Farnell&#39;s Design Link.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> fdlsignature<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> key<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f fdlsignature \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0443 \u0434\u043e \u0456\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0443 Design Link \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0457 Premier Farnell.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> language<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">();<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>language<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0449\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0443\u0454 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0443, \u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0456. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c &quot;en&quot;.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0430<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0437\u043c\u0443\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0438 ULP \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u044f\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> \u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0447\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0456 \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 ULP, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432 <em>I18N[]<\/em> , \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0457\u0442\u044c \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438, \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0446\u0438\u043c ULP. \u0417\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 vtab, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 (\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a\u0443), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432. \u0424\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 <em>tr()<\/em> , \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 <em>I18N<\/em> \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438, \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 <em>I18N<\/em> , \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0456\u0454\u044e, \u044f\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 ULP, \u0456, \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> I18N<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;env&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;dev&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;itv&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;I18N Demov&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Beispiel f?r Internationalisierungv&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Esempio per internazionalizzazionev&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Hello world!v&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Hallo Welt!v&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Ciao mondo!v&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;+Okv&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;+Okv&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;+Approvazionev&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;-Cancelv&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;-Abbrechenv&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;-Annullamentov&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">};<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Language<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">I18N<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> language<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">())<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">3<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> tr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> lookup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">I18N<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Language<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&#39;v&#39;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">return<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">?<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">:<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dlgDialog<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">tr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;I18N Demo&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">))<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dlgHBoxLayout dlgSpacing<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">350<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dlgLabel<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">tr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Hello world!&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">));<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dlgHBoxLayout<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dlgPushButton<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">tr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;+Ok&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">))<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> dlgAccept<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">();<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dlgPushButton<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">tr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;-Cancel&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">))<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> dlgReject<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">();<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n    <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">};<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0428\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0454 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> lookup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> array<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> key<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> field_index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> separator<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> lookup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> array<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> key<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> field_name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> separator<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>lookup<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f, \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e <em>field_index<\/em> \u0430\u0431\u043e <em>field_name<\/em> . \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0456\u0441\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 fileread, strsplit<\/p>\n<p> \u041c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0437 <em>lookup(),<\/em> \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445.<\/p>\n<p> \u041a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438-\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u2014 \t, \u0442\u0430\u0431\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440). \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447 \u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 0.<\/p>\n<p> \u0423\u0441\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f, \u0456 \u0436\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0437 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u043c; \u0456\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u00ab\u0417\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u00bb (\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441, \u0434\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0454 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442), \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a\u0443 \u0437 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043c field_name \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f. \u0426\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a\u0443, \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456. \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 lookup() \u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0443. \u0426\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0438 \u0454 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0446\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u043b\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438 (\u044f\u043a \u0443 &quot;abc;def&quot;, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0430 \u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043e\u044e (&#39;;&#39;) \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a). \u0422\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u043b\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438 (&quot;), \u0443 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u043b\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0457\u0442\u0438 (\u044f\u043a \u0443 &quot;abc;&quot;&quot;def&quot;&quot;;ghi&quot;, \u0449\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 abc;&quot;def&quot;; ghi).<\/p>\n<p> \u041d\u0430\u0439\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a &quot;\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u044f&quot; \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0446\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c (\u0436\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440).<\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 (&quot;;&quot; \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e \u044f\u043a \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u043e\u0457 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456):<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"typ\">Name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Manufacturer<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Code<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Price<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"lit\">7400<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Intel<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">I<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">-<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">01<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">-<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">234<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">-<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">97<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">$0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">10<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"lit\">68HC12<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Motorola<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">M68HC1201234<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">$3<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">50<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">OrderCodes<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[];<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">fileread<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">OrderCodes<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;ordercodes&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n   <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">lookup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">OrderCodes<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Code&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&#39;;&#39;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">))<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">schematic<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">SCH<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">SCH<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">parts<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">P<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n          <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">OrderCode<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n          <\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ both following statements do exactly the same:<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n          <\/span><span class=\"typ\">OrderCode<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> lookup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">OrderCodes<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> P<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">device<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Code&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&#39;;&#39;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n          <\/span><span class=\"typ\">OrderCode<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> lookup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">OrderCodes<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> P<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">device<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">2<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&#39;;&#39;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n          <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n        <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n      <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n   <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">else<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dlgMessageBox<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Missing &#39;Code&#39; field in file &#39;ordercodes&#39;); }<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0430()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> palette<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> type<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f ARGB \u0443 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0456 0xaarrggbb \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f (\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443).<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f ARGB \u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043e\u043c (\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434 0 \u0434\u043e PALETTE_ENTRIES-1). \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>\u0442\u0438\u043f<\/em> \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e (\u0430\u0431\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0454 -1), \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0412 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 <em>\u0442\u0438\u043f<\/em> \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454, \u044f\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 (PALETTE_BLACK, PALETTE_WHITE \u0430\u0431\u043e PALETTE_COLORED). \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f -1 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443 \u0437\u043c\u0443\u0448\u0443\u0454 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 <em>\u0442\u0438\u043f<\/em> \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441<\/em> \u0430\u0431\u043e <em>\u0442\u0438\u043f<\/em> \u0432\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0456 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0443, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 ULP \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"ui-table-wrap\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041f\u0410\u041b\u0415\u0422_\u0422\u0418\u041f\u0418<\/td>\n<td> \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0456\u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0438 (3)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> PALETTE_BLACK<\/td>\n<td> \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0447\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0443 (0)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u041f\u0410\u041b\u0406\u0422\u0420\u0410_\u0411\u0406\u041b\u0410<\/td>\n<td> \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0443 (1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> PALETTE_COLORED<\/td>\n<td> \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0443 (2)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> PALETTE_ENTRIES<\/td>\n<td> \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0443 (64)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p> <strong>\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0438()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> sleep<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> seconds<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 time()<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 ULP \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>sort()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0454 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> sort<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> number<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> array1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> array2<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,...]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0454 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u04321, \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0454 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0432 (\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0437 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u04432), \u0443 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0431\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u04321 \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c int, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> \u0423 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0443<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0454\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c, \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0456:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> A<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[];<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">A<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">++]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;World&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">A<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">++]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Hello&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">A<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">++]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;The truth is out there...&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sort<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> A<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">for<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">++<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">A<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0432<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 int, \u0442\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u044f\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0456 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">numeric<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Nets<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Parts<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Instances<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Pins<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[];<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[];<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">schematic<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">S<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">S<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">nets<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">N<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> N<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">pinrefs<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">P<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n    <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Nets<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> N<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n    <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Parts<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> P<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">part<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n    <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Instances<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> P<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">instance<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n    <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Pins<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> P<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">pin<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n    <\/span><span class=\"pun\">++<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n    <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sort<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Nets<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Parts<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Instances<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Pins<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">for<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">++<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;%-8s %-8s %-8s %-8s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n             <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Nets<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Parts<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]],<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n             <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Instances<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Pins<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]]);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0406\u0434\u0435\u044f \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0449\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0457, \u0456 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436 \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436, \u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d \u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0456. \u0417\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 numeric \u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432. \u0426\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0449\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u0449\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0432 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u0456 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e IC1, IC2,&#8230; IC9, IC10 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043b\u0444\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 IC1, IC10, IC2,&#8230; .IC9.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 (\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439) \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u043f int \u0456 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0456\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438. \u0411\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0456\u0433 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> status<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> message<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 dlgMessageBox()<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0443 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043e ULP.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0437\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0448\u043d\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> system<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> command<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438. \u0417\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0446\u0435 0, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434, \u0456 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0437\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0448\u043d\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0443, \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0456 \u0447\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0454, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\/\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0437\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0448\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0454 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0456\u0437 (\u0430\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0454 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0434) \u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b, \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\/\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<p> \u0423 Linux \u0456 Mac OS X \u0446\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u00ab&lt;\u00bb \u0430\u0431\u043e \u00ab&gt;\u00bb \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0456\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443, \u044f\u043a \u0443<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">system<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;program &lt; infile &gt; outfile&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043c\u0443\u0448\u0443\u0454 \u0457\u0457 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0437 infile \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0443 outfile.<\/p>\n<p> \u0423 Windows \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0440, \u044f\u043a \u0443<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"><code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\"> system<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;cmd.exe \/c program &lt; infile &gt; outfile&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> (\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 Windows \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0456 DOS \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 command.com \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c cmd.exe).<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0424\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0454, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u0426\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u043f\u043b\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0437\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0448\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0448\u0435, \u0456 \u0432\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u00ab&amp;\u00bb \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0432 Linux \u0456 Mac OS X, \u044f\u043a \u0443<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">system<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;program &amp;&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0423 Windows \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0440, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0435, \u044f\u043a \u0443<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">system<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;cmd.exe \/c start program&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> (\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 Windows \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0456 DOS \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 command.com \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c cmd.exe).<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> result<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> system<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;simulate -f filename&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0426\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0431 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0457\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0449\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0432 ULP. \u0417\u0430\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0454 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043c, \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0454 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 EAGLE!<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e-\u043e\u0431\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">MySystem<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> command<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dlgMessageBox<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;!Ok to execute the following command?&lt;p&gt;&lt;tt&gt;&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">+<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> command<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">+<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;&lt;\/tt&gt;&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;&amp;Yes&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;&amp;No&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">==<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n     <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">return<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> system<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">command<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">return<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">-<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> result<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">MySystem<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;simulate -f filename&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0448\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">real u2inch<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real u2mic<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real u2mil<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real u2mm<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> inch2u<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mic2u<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mil2u<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mm2u<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>u2inch<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f n \u0443 \u0434\u044e\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<p> <em>u2mic<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f n \u0443 \u043c\u0456\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 (1\/1000 \u043c\u043c).<\/p>\n<p> <em>u2mil<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f n \u0443 \u043c\u0456\u043b\u044f\u0445 (1\/1000 \u0434\u044e\u0439\u043c\u0430).<\/p>\n<p> <em>u2mm<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f n \u0443 \u043c\u0456\u043b\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<p> <em>inch2u<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f n (\u0443 \u0434\u044e\u0439\u043c\u0430\u0445) \u044f\u043a \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0448\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <em>mic2u<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f n (\u0443 \u043c\u0456\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445) \u044f\u043a \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0448\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <em>mil2u<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f n (\u0443 \u043c\u0456\u043b\u044f\u0445) \u044f\u043a \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0448\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <em>mm2u<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f n (\u0443 \u043c\u0456\u043b\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445) \u044f\u043a \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0448\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 UL_GRID<\/p>\n<p> EAGLE \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u0456 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u044f\u043a int \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e 1\/320000 \u043c\u043c (0,003125?). \u041d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0448\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c \u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0440\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">board<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">elements<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;%s at (%f, %f)\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">u2mm<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">x<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">),<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> u2mm<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">y<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">));<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n    <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"network-functions\"> \u041c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/h4>\n<p> \u041c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0443 \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0432 \u0406\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>neterror()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> neterror<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>neterror<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 netget, netpost<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e <em>neterror<\/em> \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u2019\u0454\u043c\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f <em>neterror<\/em> \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043a, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u0437 \u0437\u2019\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438 SSL (HTTPS), \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0432 <em>netget<\/em> .<\/p>\n<p> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Result<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">netget<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Result<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;http:\/\/web.cadsoft.de\/cgi-bin\/http-test?see=me&amp;hear=them&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&gt;=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n   <\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ process Result<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n   <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">else<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dlgMessageBox<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">neterror<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">());<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>netget()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442 GET \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> netget<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dest<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> url<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> timeout<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>netget<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431&#39;\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0456. \u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043d\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 dest.<\/p>\n<p> \u0423 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u2019\u0454\u043c\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438 neterror(), \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 netpost, neterror, fileread<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>netget<\/em> \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0443 URL-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0443 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456\u0439 dest. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u043e\u0447\u0456\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0437\u2019\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0456\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e. \u0422\u0430\u0439\u043c-\u0430\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c 20 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434.<\/p>\n<p> URL-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f (HTTP, HTTPS \u0430\u0431\u043e FTP) \u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f=\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a \u0443<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">http<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">:<\/span> <span class=\"com\">\/\/web.cadsoft.de\/cgi-bin\/http-test?see=me&amp;hear=them<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">ftp<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">:<\/span> <span class=\"com\">\/\/ftp.cadsoft.de\/eagle\/userfiles\/README<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0443 \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0456 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u0457\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u044f\u043a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">https<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">:<\/span> <span class=\"com\">\/\/userid:password@www.site.com\/...<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>dest<\/em> \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>dest<\/em> \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 (\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0443), \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432. \u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>dest<\/em> \u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c 0x00.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0456-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0443 \u0434\u043e \u0406\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 HTTP \u0430\u0431\u043e HTTPS, \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0435 \u0432 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u00ab\u041d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u00bb \u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u00ab\u0414\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0430\/\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u00bb \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0456 \u043a\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f SSL<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0437\u2019\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u044c SSL (\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430 HTTPS) \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u0442\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0456\u043d \u0434\u0456\u0457 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0456\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u2019\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e neterror(). \u0417\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u0442\u043d\u0456 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043c\u0443\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u2019\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c. \u042f\u043a \u0446\u0435 \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438 (\u0443 Windows, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043a\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\/\u0412\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0449\u043e).<\/p>\n<p> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Result<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">netget<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Result<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;http:\/\/web.cadsoft.de\/cgi-bin\/http-test?see=me&amp;hear=them&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&gt;=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n   <\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ process Result<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n   <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">else<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dlgMessageBox<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">neterror<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">());<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>netpost()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442 POST \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> netpost<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dest<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> url<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> data<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> timeout<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> content_type<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> netpost \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431&#39;\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0456. \u0424\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 <em>dest<\/em> . \u0423 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u2019\u0454\u043c\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438 <em>neterror()<\/em> , \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 netget, neterror, fileread<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>netpost<\/em> \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u044e URL-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u044e \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0443 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456\u0439 <em>dest<\/em> .<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u043e\u0447\u0456\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0437\u2019\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0456\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e. \u0422\u0430\u0439\u043c-\u0430\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c 20 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e <em>content_type<\/em> , \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043d\u044e\u0454 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0432\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0443 &quot;text\/html; charset=utf-8&quot;. URL-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f (HTTP \u0430\u0431\u043e HTTPS).<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0443 \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0456 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u0457\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u044f\u043a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">https<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">:<\/span> <span class=\"com\">\/\/userid:password@www.secret-site.com\/...<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>dest<\/em> \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>dest<\/em> \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 (\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0443), \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432. \u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>dest<\/em> \u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c 0x00.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0456-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0443 \u0434\u043e \u0406\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 HTTP \u0430\u0431\u043e HTTPS, \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0435 \u0432 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u00ab\u041d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u00bb \u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u00ab\u0414\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0430\/\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u00bb \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0456 \u043a\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c SSL (HTTPS), \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0432 netget.<\/p>\n<p> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Data<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;see=me\nhear=them&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Result<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">netpost<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Result<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;http:\/\/web.cadsoft.de\/cgi-bin\/http-test&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">Data<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&gt;=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n   <\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ process Result<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n   <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">else<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">dlgMessageBox<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">neterror<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">());<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"printing-functions\"> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443<\/h4>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>printf()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0454 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> format<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> argument<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">...]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>printf<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0423 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438 printf \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 -1.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 sprintf, output, fileerror<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0420\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0420\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454, \u044f\u043a \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0456, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456. \u0410\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443. \u041a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0456 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443, \u0456 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443. \u0420\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432: \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0417\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434<\/li>\n<li> \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pun\">%<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">flags<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">width<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">prec<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> type<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u041a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 (%). \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f % \u0439\u0434\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">an optional sequence of flag characters<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">flags<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">an optional width specifier<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">width<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">an optional precision specifier<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">[.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">prec<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">the conversion type character<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> type<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"ui-table-wrap\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>d<\/td>\n<td> \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0446\u0456\u043b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u043e<\/td>\n<td> \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0441\u0456\u043c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> u<\/td>\n<td> unsigned decimal int<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> x<\/td>\n<td> unsigned hexadecimal int (\u0437 a, b,&#8230;)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> X<\/td>\n<td> unsigned hexadecimal int (\u0437 A, B,&#8230;)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> f<\/td>\n<td> \u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443 [-]dddd.dddd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0434<\/td>\n<td> \u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443 [-]d.dddde[?]ddd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> E<\/td>\n<td> \u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0435, \u0449\u043e e, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0437 E \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> g<\/td>\n<td> \u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0443 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0456 e \u0430\u0431\u043e f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0413<\/td>\n<td> \u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0435, \u0449\u043e g, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0437 E \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0432<\/td>\n<td> \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0441<\/td>\n<td> \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> %<\/td>\n<td> \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0437\u2019\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457:<\/p>\n<div class=\"ui-table-wrap\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td> &quot;-&quot;<\/td>\n<td> \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043b\u0456\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0454\u043c \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f; \u0437\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0454\u043c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> &quot;+<html>&quot;<\/html><\/td>\n<td> \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0437\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0436\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u044e\u0441 (+); \u0437\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0442\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> &quot; &quot;<\/td>\n<td> \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0436\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u043b\u0443; \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0456 &quot;+&quot;, \u0456 &quot; &quot;, &quot;+&quot; \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 &quot; &quot;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044e\u0454 \u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> \u0428\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u0438, \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0456\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 (*). \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0456\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 (\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 int) \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0449\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f (\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443), \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u041d\u0456 \u0432 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0454 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0440\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ui-table-wrap\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td> \u043f<\/td>\n<td> \u0414\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043c\u043d\u0456 n \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0456\u0436 n \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0447, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u00ab-\u00bb, \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0456\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0447 \u0432 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> 0n<\/td>\n<td> \u0414\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043c\u043d\u0456 n \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435 n \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u0432\u043e\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043b\u0456\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> *<\/td>\n<td> \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0436\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438 (.), \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438. \u0422\u043e\u0434\u0456, \u044f\u043a \u0456 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u0438, \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0456\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 (*). \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0456\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 (\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 int) \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0449\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f (\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443), \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ui-table-wrap\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td> \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0454<\/td>\n<td> \u0422\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> .0<\/td>\n<td> \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0456\u0432 int \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> .\u043d<\/td>\n<td> \u0414\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f n \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0430\u0431\u043e n \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0456\u0436 n \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c (\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> *<\/td>\n<td> \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p> <em>\u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"ui-table-wrap\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>douxX<\/td>\n<td> 1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> eEf<\/td>\n<td> 6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> gG<\/td>\n<td> \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0443\u0449\u0456 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u0438<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0432<\/td>\n<td> \u043d\u0456\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0441<\/td>\n<td> \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p> <em>\u042f\u043a \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 (.n) \u0432\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"ui-table-wrap\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>douxX<\/td>\n<td> <em>.n<\/em> \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454, \u0449\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0439\u043c\u043d\u0456 n \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435 n \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440, \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043b\u0456\u0432\u0430. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 n \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440, \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> eEf<\/td>\n<td> <em>.n<\/em> \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454, \u0449\u043e n \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> gG<\/td>\n<td> <em>.n<\/em> \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454, \u0449\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0449\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 n \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0432<\/td>\n<td> <em>.n<\/em> \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0441<\/td>\n<td> <em>.n<\/em> \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454, \u0449\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 n \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p> <em>\u0414\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041d\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434 sprintf, \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f printf \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 (0x00).<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0x00<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;%c&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">42<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real r<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">3.14<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&#39;A&#39;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Hello&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Integer: %8d\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Hex: %8X\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Real: %8f\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> r<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Char: %-8c\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;String: %-8s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>sprintf()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0454 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> sprintf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> result<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> format<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> argument<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">...]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>sprintf<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443. \u0423 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438 <em>sprintf<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 -1.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 <em>printf<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0420\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f <em>printf<\/em> .<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0414\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0417\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0443, \u0449\u043e <em>sprintf<\/em> \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u0437 \u0432\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 (0x00). \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e. \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <em>printf,<\/em> \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> result<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> number<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">42<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sprintf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">result<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;The number is %d&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> number<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"string-functions\"> \u0420\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/h4>\n<p> \u0420\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u0437 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">strchr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strjoin<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strlen<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strlwr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strrchr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strrstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strsplit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strsub<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strtod<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strtol<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strupr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">strxstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strchr()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strchr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>strchr<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0432 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0430\u0431\u043e -1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0447\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 strrchr, strstr<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e <em>\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441<\/em> , \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u2019\u0454\u043c\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u044f \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;This is a string&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&#39;a&#39;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strchr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">&gt;=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The character %c is at position %d\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">else<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The character was not found\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strjoin()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strjoin<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> array<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> separator<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f strjoin \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 strsplit, lookup, fileread<\/p>\n<p> <em>strjoin<\/em> \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0454 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 (&#39;<br \/>\n&#39;), \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430. \u0426\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 N \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432 (\u043a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0456\u0437 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0456\u043d\u0447\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430), \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 fileread() \u0456 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u0456\u0437 N \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0437 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> a<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[]<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Field 1&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Field 2&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Field 3&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">};<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strjoin<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">a<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&#39;:&#39;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strlen()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044e\u0454 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strlen<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>strlen<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;This is a string&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> l<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strlen<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The string is %d characters long\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> l<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strlwr()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0456 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strlwr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>strlwr<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a. \u041e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a (\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440) \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 strupr, tolower<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;This Is A String&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> r<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strlwr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Prior to strlwr: %s - after strlwr: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> r<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strrchr()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strrchr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>strrchr<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0432 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0430\u0431\u043e -1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0447\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 strchr, strrstr<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e <em>\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441<\/em> , \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u2019\u0454\u043c\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u044f \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;This is a string&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">char<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&#39;a&#39;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strrchr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">&gt;=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The character %c is at position %d\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> c<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">else<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The character was not found\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strrstr()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strrstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s2<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f strrstr \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 s2 \u0443 s1 \u0430\u0431\u043e -1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0447\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 strstr, strrchr<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441, \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u2019\u0454\u043c\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u044f \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;This is a string&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s2<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;is a&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strrstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s2<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">&gt;=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The substring starts at %d\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">else<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The substring was not found\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strsplit()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0420\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<p> int strsplit(\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a &amp;\u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432[], \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a s, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432);<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>strsplit<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0456\u0432, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u0439\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 strjoin, lookup, fileread<\/p>\n<p> <em>strsplit<\/em> \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a s \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0456 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0454 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 (&#39;<br \/>\n&#39;), \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0454. \u0426\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 N \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432 (\u043a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0456\u0437 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0456\u043d\u0447\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430) \u0456 \u0437\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044e fileread(), \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u0456\u0437 N \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432. \u0417 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u0456 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 &quot;a:b:c:&quot; \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435 \u0434\u043e 4 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0454 \u0437 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u043c.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> a<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[];<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strsplit<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">a<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Field 1:Field 2:Field 3&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&#39;:&#39;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strstr()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s2<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>strstr<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 s2 \u0443 s1 \u0430\u0431\u043e -1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0447\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 strrstr, strchr, strxstr<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e <em>\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441<\/em> , \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u2019\u0454\u043c\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u044f \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;This is a string&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s2<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;is a&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s2<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">&gt;=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The substring starts at %d\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">else<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The substring was not found\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strsub()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0443\u0454 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0456\u0437 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<p> string strsub(string s, int start[, int length]);<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>strsub<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c <em>\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443<\/em> \u0442\u0430 <em>\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/em> . \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f <em>\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/em> \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043c, \u0456\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0448\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0443<\/em> \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 (\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0437 <em>start<\/em> ).<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043a<\/em> \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0454 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;This is a string&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strsub<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">4<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">7<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The extracted substring is: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strtod()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">real strtod<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>strtod<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u043a \u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0456\u043d\u0447\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438. \u0423 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e 0.0.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 strtol<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;3.1415&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">real r<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strtod<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The value is %f\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> r<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strtol()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strtol<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>strtol<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u043a \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f int. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0430, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e 0.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 strtod<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;1234&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strtol<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The value is %d\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> i<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strupr()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strupr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>strupr<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a. \u041e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a (\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440) \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 strlwr, toupper<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;This Is A String&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> r<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strupr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Prior to strupr: %s - after strupr: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> r<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>strxstr()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strxstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s2<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> index<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&amp;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">length<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>strxstr<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0432 s1, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0432 s2, \u0430\u0431\u043e -1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0431\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 strstr, strchr, strrstr<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e <em>\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441<\/em> , \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0443\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u2019\u0454\u043c\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u044f \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e <em>\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0443<\/em> , \u0443 \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> \u0420\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d \u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437 <code>&quot;i.*a&quot;<\/code> \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 &quot;i&quot;, \u0437\u0430 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0443\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b (&#39;.&#39;) \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0432 (&#39;*&#39;) \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0456\u043d\u0447\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f &#39; a&#39;. \u0412\u043e\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0431\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 &quot;is a&quot;, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 &quot;is this a&quot; \u0447\u0438 &quot;ia&quot;. \u0414\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u0443 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0456 \u00ab\u041e\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0432\u00bb \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0444\u0444\u0440\u0456 \u0424\u0440\u0456\u0434\u043b\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;This is a string&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s2<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;i.*a&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> len<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> strxstr<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s2<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> len<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">&gt;=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The substring starts at %d and is %d charcaters long\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> pos<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> len<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">else<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The substring was not found\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"urn-functions\"> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 URN<\/h4>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 URN \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 URN.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>urnbase()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0443\u0454 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 URN \u0456\u0437 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 URN.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> urnbase<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> urn<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>urnbase<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 URN \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e URN, \u0442\u043e\u0431\u0442\u043e URN \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u0457 \u0432 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u0456 \u0430\u0431\u043e \/. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 URN \u0434\u043b\u044f &quot;urn:adsk.eagle:footprint:123\/4&quot; \u0454 &quot;urn:adsk.eagle:footprint:123&quot;. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u0442\u043d\u044f, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> urn<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;urn:adsk.eagle:footprint:123\/4&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">base<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> urnbase<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">urn<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The base URN is: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">base<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>urnversion()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0443\u0454 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u044e \u0437 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 URN.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> urnversion<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> urn<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>urnversion<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u044e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e URN, \u0442\u043e\u0431\u0442\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \/. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u0442\u043d\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f -1.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> urn<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;urn:adsk.eagle:footprint:123\/4&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> version<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> urnversion<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">urn<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;The URN version is: %d\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> version<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"time-functions\"> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443<\/h4>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0456 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">sleep<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2day<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2dayofweek<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2hour<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2minute<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2month<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2second<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2string<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2year<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">time<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">timems<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u0447\u0430\u0441()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> time<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u044f\u043a \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0437 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443, filetime, timems()<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">CurrentTime<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> time<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">();<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>timems()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 ULP.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> timems<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>timems<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 ULP. \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 86400000 \u043c\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 (\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456 24 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438) \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 0.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0447\u0430\u0441<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> elapsed<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> timems<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">();<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c, \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044c, \u0440\u0456\u043a \u0442\u043e\u0449\u043e.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t2day<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t2dayofweek<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t2hour<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t2minute<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t2month<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t2second<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t2year<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t2string<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> format<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pun\">*<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2day<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">*<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> returns the day of the month<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">1.<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">31<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">*<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2dayofweek<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">*<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> returns the day of the week<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sunday<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">..<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">6<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">*<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2hour<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">*<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> returns the hour<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0.<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">23<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">*<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2minute<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">*<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> returns the minute<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0.<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">59<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">*<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2month<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">*<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> returns the month<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0.<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">11<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">*<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2second<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">*<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> returns the second<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">0.<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">59<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">*<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2year<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">*<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> returns the year<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">including century<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">!)<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">*<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2string<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">*<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> returns a formatted<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> containing date<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">and<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> time<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0447\u0430\u0441<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>t2string<\/em> \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 <em>t<\/em> \u0443 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e <em>t2string<\/em> \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443, \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442.<\/p>\n<p> \u0423 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438:<\/p>\n<div class=\"ui-table-wrap\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td> d<\/td>\n<td> \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0456 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 (\u0432\u0456\u0434 1 \u0434\u043e 31)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0434\u0434<\/td>\n<td> \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0456 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0437 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 (\u0432\u0456\u0434 01 \u0434\u043e 31)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0434\u0434\u0434<\/td>\n<td> \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043d\u044f (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, &quot;\u041f\u043d&quot; \u043d\u0430 &quot;\u0421\u043e\u043d&quot;)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0434\u0434\u0434\u0434<\/td>\n<td> \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0433\u0430 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043d\u044f (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, &quot;\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0456\u043b\u043e\u043a&quot; \u043d\u0430 &quot;\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f&quot;)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u041c<\/td>\n<td> \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044c \u044f\u043a \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 (1-12)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u041c\u041c<\/td>\n<td> \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044c \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0456 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0437 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 (01-12)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u041c\u041c\u041c<\/td>\n<td> \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044f (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u00ab\u0441\u0456\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c\u00bb \u0434\u043e \u00ab\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c\u00bb)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u041c\u041c\u041c\u041c<\/td>\n<td> \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0433\u0430 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044f\u0446\u044f (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u0432\u0456\u0434 &quot;\u0441\u0456\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c&quot; \u0434\u043e &quot;\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c&quot;)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0440\u0440<\/td>\n<td> \u0440\u0456\u043a \u044f\u043a \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e (00-99)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0440\u0440\u0440\u0440<\/td>\n<td> \u0440\u0456\u043a \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0456 \u0447\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0447<\/td>\n<td> \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f (\u0432\u0456\u0434 0 \u0434\u043e 23 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 1 \u0434\u043e 12, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f AM\/PM)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0447\u0447<\/td>\n<td> \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0437 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 (\u0432\u0456\u0434 00 \u0434\u043e 23 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 01 \u0434\u043e 12, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f AM\/PM)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u043c<\/td>\n<td> \u0445\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f (\u0432\u0456\u0434 0 \u0434\u043e 59)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u043c\u043c<\/td>\n<td> \u0445\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0437 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 (\u0432\u0456\u0434 00 \u0434\u043e 59)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0441<\/td>\n<td> \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f (\u0432\u0456\u0434 0 \u0434\u043e 59)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> ss<\/td>\n<td> \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0437 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 (\u0432\u0456\u0434 00 \u0434\u043e 59)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0437<\/td>\n<td> \u043c\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0456\u0432 (\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0436\u0434\u0438 0, \u043e\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0443)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0437\u0437\u0437<\/td>\n<td> \u043c\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0438 \u0437 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 (\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0436\u0434\u0438 000, \u043e\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0443)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> AP<\/td>\n<td> \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0439 AM\/PM (AP \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 &quot;AM&quot; \u0430\u0431\u043e &quot;PM&quot;)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> \u0430\u043f<\/td>\n<td> \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0439 am\/pm (ap \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 &quot;am&quot; \u0430\u0431\u043e &quot;pm&quot;)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> U<\/td>\n<td> \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u044f\u043a UTC (\u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c; \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0446\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p> \u0423\u0441\u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0456 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0456\u0439\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u00ab\u044f\u043a \u0454\u00bb. \u0411\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u0443\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0456 \u043b\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0456 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437. \u0414\u0432\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0456 \u043b\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438 (&#39;&#39;) \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043d\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043b\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> time<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">();<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;It is now %02d:%02d:%02d\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t2hour<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">),<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t2minute<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">),<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t2second<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">));<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;ISO time is %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> t2string<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;Uyyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">));<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"object-functions\"> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043e\u0431&#39;\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430<\/h4>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0443 \u0434\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">clrgroup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">ingroup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">setgroup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">setvariant<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">variant<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>clrgroup()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> clrgroup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">object<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 ingroup(), setgroup(), \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 GROUP<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>clrgroup()<\/em> \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u043e \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0456 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, UL_BOARD \u0430\u0431\u043e UL_NET), \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0437 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u044f\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f <em>setgroup()<\/em> .<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">board<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">elements<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">clrgroup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>ingroup()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u044f\u0454, \u0447\u0438 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431&#39;\u0454\u043a\u0442 \u0434\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ingroup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">object<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <em>\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>ingroup<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 clrgroup(), setgroup(), \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 GROUP<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e <em>ingroup()<\/em> , \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0438 \u0454 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0438 \u0437 \u0454\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u044e, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043a\u0443 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, UL_TEXT, UL_VIA, UL_CIRCLE \u0442\u043e\u0449\u043e), \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 <em>ingroup(),<\/em> \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0446\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> UL_WIRE \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 0, 1, 2 \u0430\u0431\u043e 3, \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0436\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u0457, \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0457 \u0447\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0445 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> UL_RECTANGLE \u0456 UL_FRAME \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0443\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0454 \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0456. \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0456\u0442 0, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0443\u0442\u0430, \u0431\u0456\u0442 1 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0456\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0431\u0456\u0442 2 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0456\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0430 \u0431\u0456\u0442 3 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0443\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0449\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442 (UL_NET, UL_SEGMENT, UL_SIGNAL, UL_POLYGON) \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u044f\u043a \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f (UL_SHEET, UL_DEVICESET, UL_SYMBOL, UL_FOOTPRINT), \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0456. \u0414\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0456\u0454\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0432. \u0443 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0422\u0438\u043f\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> UL_CONTACTREF \u0456 UL_PINREF, \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0430 \u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e UL_CONTACT \u0430\u0431\u043e UL_PIN, \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u0454 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 UL_GRID, UL_VARIANT \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430 UL_TEXT \u0430\u0431\u043e UL_FRAME, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0456\u043d\u043a\u0430 <em>ingroup()<\/em> \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0457\u0457 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0406\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e ULP \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044e, \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u043c\u0443. \u0417 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431&#39;\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0430. \u0422\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e <em>ingroup()<\/em> . (\u0434\u0438\u0432. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 SET \u0456 RUN).<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">output<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;group.txt&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">board<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">elements<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n      <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">ingroup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">))<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Element %s is in the group\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n      <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n    <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>setgroup()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044e\u0454 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> setgroup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">object<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> flags<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">]);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443 clrgroup(), ingroup(), GROUP<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>setgroup()<\/em> \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044e\u0454 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0456 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456, \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u0432 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0443 (\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0457\u0445 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0454\u0457).<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e flags \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0431&#39;\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430. \u0414\u043b\u044f UL_WIRE \u0446\u0435 \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454, \u0449\u043e \u00ab1\u00bb \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044e\u0454 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043e\u0457 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438, \u00ab2\u00bb \u2014 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0457 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438, \u0430 \u00ab3\u00bb \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044e\u0454 \u043e\u0431\u0438\u0434\u0432\u0430. \u0411\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0456 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 <em>setgroup()<\/em> .<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u043e \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0456 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, UL_BOARD \u0430\u0431\u043e UL_NET), \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0437 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438:<\/p>\n<p> \u0426\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f UL_LIBRARY \u0442\u0430 UL_SCHEMATIC. \u041f\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0438 UL_GRID \u0430\u0431\u043e UL_VARIANT \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432 UL_TEXT \u0430\u0431\u043e UL_FRAME).<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0456\u0454\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0432. \u0443 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0422\u0438\u043f\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">board<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">elements<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">setgroup<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>setvariant()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044e\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> setvariant<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 variant(), UL_VARIANTDEF, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 VARIANT<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>setvariant()<\/em> \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044e\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0437\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0439, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f\u043c. \u0426\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u043f\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0438\u00bb \u0457\u0445\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u044f\u043a \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> \u0456\u043c&#39;\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> \u0426\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0437\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0456\u0441\u043d\u0443\u0454, \u0456 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0437\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c <em>setvariant(),<\/em> \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430. \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0436\u0435, \u044f\u043a \u0456 \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0423\u041b\u041f.<\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0443\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0443\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">setvariant<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;My variant&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">))<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n   <\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ do something ...<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">else<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n   <\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ error: unknown variant<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> variant<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 setvariant(), UL_VARIANTDEF, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 VARIANT<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>variant()<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0436\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a (&#39;&#39;).<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">CurrentVariant<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> variant<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">();<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"xml-functions\"> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 XML<\/h4>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 XML \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 XML (\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0440\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438). \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 XML:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">xmlattribute<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">xmlattributes<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">xmlelement<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">xmlelements<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">xmltags<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">xmltext<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">()<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>xmlattribute(), xmlattributes()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u0442\u044f\u0433\u043d\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0443 XML.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmlattribute<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xml<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> tag<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> attribute<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmlattributes<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&amp;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">array<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xml<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> tag<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 xmlelement(), xmltags(), xmltext()<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>xmlattribute<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 xml. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u2019\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0443, \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>xmlattributes<\/em> \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0456\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 xml \u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0456\u0432. \u041f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0439, \u044f\u043a \u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 xml. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u2019\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0443, \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f \u0437\u2019\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437.<\/p>\n<p> \u0422\u0435\u0433 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0456 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 xml \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 XML \u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u043c, \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c, \u044f\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0442\u0435, \u0434\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 ULP \u0456 XML \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0446\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 XML \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 xml.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"com\">\/\/ String XML contains the following data:<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/&lt;root&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;body abc=&quot;def&quot; xyz=&quot;123&quot;&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ ...<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;\/body&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/&lt;\/root&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[];<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmlattributes<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> XML<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;root\/body&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ Result: { &quot;abc&quot;, &quot;xyz&quot; }<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmlattribute<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">XML<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;root\/body&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;xyz&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ Result: &quot;123&quot;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>xmlelement(), xmlelements()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0442\u0438 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0443 XML.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmlelement<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xml<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> tag<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmlelements<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&amp;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">array<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xml<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> tag<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 xmltags(), xmlattribute(), xmltext()<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>xmlelement<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 XML \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 xml. \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0449\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0448\u043d\u0456\u0439 XML-\u0442\u0435\u0433 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0457 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f\u043c\u0438 XML. \u0411\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0432 XML \u0432 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0443 xml. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432 xml \u0454 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0443, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435. \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <em>xmlelements<\/em> , \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>xmlelements<\/em> \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u0454 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e, \u044f\u043a xmlelement, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0456\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u043c. \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u2014 \u0446\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> \u0422\u0435\u0433 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0456 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 xml \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 XML \u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u043c, \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c, \u044f\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0442\u0435, \u0434\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 ULP \u0456 XML \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0446\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 XML \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 xml.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"com\">\/\/ String XML contains the following data:<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/&lt;root&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;body&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;contents&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;string&gt;Some text 1&lt;\/string&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;any&gt;anything 1&lt;\/any&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;\/contents&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;contents&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;string&gt;Some text 2&lt;\/string&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;any&gt;anything 2&lt;\/any&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;\/contents&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;appendix&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;string&gt;Some text 3&lt;\/string&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;\/appendix&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;\/body&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/&lt;\/root&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmlelement<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">XML<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;root\/body\/appendix&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ Result: &quot; &lt;appendix&gt;\n &lt;string&gt;Some text 3&lt;\/string&gt;\n &lt;\/appendix&gt;\n&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[];<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmlelements<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> XML<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;root\/body\/contents&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ Result: { &quot; &lt;contents&gt;\n &lt;string&gt;Some text 1&lt;\/string&gt;\n &lt;any&gt;anything 1&lt;\/any&gt;\n &lt;\/contents&gt;\n&quot;,<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &quot; &lt;contents&gt;\n &lt;string&gt;Some text 2&lt;\/string&gt;\n &lt;any&gt;anything 2&lt;\/any&gt;\n &lt;\/contents&gt;\n&quot;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ }<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>xmltags()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u0442\u044f\u0433\u043d\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0432 \u0443 XML-\u043a\u043e\u0434.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmltags<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">&amp;<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">array<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[],<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xml<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> tag<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 xmlelement(), xmlattribute(), xmltext()<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>xmltags<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 xml. \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0454 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0456.<\/p>\n<p> \u0406\u043c\u2019\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437, \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043d\u043e \u0437\u2019\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 XML.<\/p>\n<p> \u0422\u0435\u0433 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0456 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 xml \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 XML \u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u043c, \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c, \u044f\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0442\u0435, \u0434\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 ULP \u0456 XML \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0446\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 XML \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 xml.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"com\">\/\/String XML contains the following data:<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/&lt;root&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;body&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;contents&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;string&gt;Some text 1&lt;\/string&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;any&gt;anything 1&lt;\/any&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;\/contents&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;contents&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;string&gt;Some text 2&lt;\/string&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;any&gt;anything 2&lt;\/any&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;\/contents&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;appendix&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;string&gt;Some text 3&lt;\/string&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;\/appendix&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;\/body&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/&lt;\/root&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[];<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmltags<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> XML<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;root\/body&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ Result: { &quot;contents&quot;, &quot;appendix&quot; }<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">int<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> n<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmltags<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> XML<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">        \r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ Result: &quot;root&quot;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> <strong>xmltext()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/em><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 XML.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmltext<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xml<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> tag<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 xmlelement(), xmlattribute(), xmltags()<\/p>\n<p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>xmltext<\/em> \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0443 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 xml.<\/p>\n<p> \u0411\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u043b\u0438 (\u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430) \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> \u0422\u0435\u0433 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0456 \u0448\u043b\u044f\u0445\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 xml \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 XML \u0454 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u043c, \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c, \u044f\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0442\u0435, \u0434\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 ULP \u0456 XML \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0446\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0456 XML \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 xml.<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"com\">\/\/ String XML contains the following data:<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/&lt;root&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;body&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ Some &lt;b&gt;text&lt;\/b&gt;.<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ &lt;\/body&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/&lt;\/root&gt;<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">=<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> xmltext<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">XML<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;root\/body&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n\r\n<\/span><span class=\"com\">\/\/ Result: &quot;\n Some text.\n &quot;<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"builtin-statements\"> \u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u0438<\/h2>\n<p> \u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443, \u0443 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432. \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 \u0432\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">parameters<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> statement<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0434\u0435 name \u2014 \u0446\u0435 \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f \u0432\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, parameters \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0432, \u0430 statement \u2014 \u0446\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p> \u0417\u0430\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0442\u0435, \u0449\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u044f\u043a \u0443<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">board<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">elements<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Element: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"typ\">Signals<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">S<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Signal: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> S<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0430()<\/li>\n<li> devicesset()<\/li>\n<li> \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430()<\/li>\n<li> \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c()<\/li>\n<li> \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434()<\/li>\n<li> footprint() (\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0437 EAGLE 9.1)<\/li>\n<li> \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439()<\/li>\n<li> \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442()<\/li>\n<li> \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b()<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"board-\"> \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0430()<\/h4>\n<p> <strong>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">board<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">identifier<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> statement<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443<\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <em>\u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438<\/em> \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438. \u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 UL_BOARD, \u044f\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443, \u0456 ULP \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0438 \u0454 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <em>\u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438<\/em> \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438. \u0423 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438, \u0456 0 \u0432 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a, \u0432\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0449\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0441 project, \u044f\u043a \u0443<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">project<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">board<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">...<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0426\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0443 \u0447\u0438 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0446\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0443!<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">board<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">board<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">B<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">elements<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Element: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> E<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n     <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"deviceset-\"> devicesset()<\/h4>\n<p> <strong>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">deviceset<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">identifier<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> statement<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434, \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b, \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430<\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <em>deviceset<\/em> \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044e. \u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 UL_DEVICESET, \u044f\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432 \u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044e, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 ULP \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0438 \u0454 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 devicesset \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044e. \u0423 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044e, \u0456 0 \u0432 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">deviceset<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">deviceset<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">D<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">D<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">gates<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">G<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Gate: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> G<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n     <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"library-\"> \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430()<\/h4>\n<p> <strong>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">library<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">identifier<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> statement<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432, \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434, \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b<\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <em>\u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438<\/em> \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438. \u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 UL_LIBRARY, \u044f\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 ULP \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0438 \u0454 \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438. \u0423 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438, \u0456 0 \u0432 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">library<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">library<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">L<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">L<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">devices<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">D<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Device: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> D<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n     <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"module-\"> \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c()<\/h4>\n<p> <strong>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">module<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">identifier<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> statement<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0430, \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430, \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448<\/p>\n<p> \u0406\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>module<\/em> \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 #\u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f. \u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 module \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f. \u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 UL_MODULE, \u044f\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 ULP \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.# \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 ULP \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0438 \u0454 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 module \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f. \u0423 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 module \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f, \u0456 0 \u0432 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">module<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n   <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">module<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">M<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Module: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> M<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n     <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"output-\"> \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434()<\/h4>\n<p> <strong>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432 printf().<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">output<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> filename<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">[,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> mode<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">])<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> statement<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 printf, fileerror<\/p>\n<p> \u0406\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>\u0432\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443<\/em> \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0456\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 printf(). \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0431\u0443\u043b\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e, \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0447\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443, \u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f ULP \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> \u0417\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0420\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 &quot;wt&quot;.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">a append to an existing file<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">or<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> create a<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">new<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> file<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> it does<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">not<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> exist w create a<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">new<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> file<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">overwriting an existing file<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">t open file<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">in<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> text mode b open file<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">in<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> binary mode D<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">delete<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">this<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> file<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">when<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> ending the EAGLE session<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">only works together<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">with<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> w<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">F force<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">using<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">this<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> file name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">normally<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">*.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">brd<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">*.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sch<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">and<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">*.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">lbr are rejected<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0421\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0437&#39;\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c-\u044f\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0454 \u0437 a \u0456 w \u0430\u0431\u043e t \u0456 b, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u0454 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0443\u0449\u0438\u043c. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c &quot;abtw&quot; \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0454 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043c, \u044f\u043a &quot;wt&quot;.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0412\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438, \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044c\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0437\u0430 \u0443\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u0436\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">void<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"typ\">PrintText<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">string<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;This also goes into the file: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> s<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n<\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">output<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;file.txt&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"str\">&quot;wt&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Directly printed\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"typ\">PrintText<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;via function call&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n  <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"footprint-new-as-of-eagle-9-1\"> footprint(), \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0437 EAGLE 9.1<\/h4>\n<p> <strong>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">footprint<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">identifier<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> statement<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"kwd\">new<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"kwd\">as<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> of EAGLE<\/span> <span class=\"lit\">9.1<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432, \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b<\/p>\n<p> \u0406\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <em>footprint<\/em> \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 UL_FOOTPRINT, \u044f\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<div class=\"note note:\"> <span class=\"notetitle\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0430:<\/span> \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0443 \u0454 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0432 EAGLE 9.1. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u0456\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u044f\u043c\u0438 EAGLE <em>\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442<\/em> \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u043a \u043f\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0456\u043c.<\/div>\n<p> \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 ULP \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0438 \u0454 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e footprint \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a footprint. \u0423 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0444\u0443\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0444\u0443\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u0456 0 \u0432 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">footprint<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">footprint<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">F<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">F<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">contacts<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">C<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Contact: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> C<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n     <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"schematic-\"> \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439()<\/h4>\n<p> <strong>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">schematic<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">identifier<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> statement<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0430, \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430, \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c, \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448<\/p>\n<p> <em>\u0421\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/em> \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a. \u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 UL_SCHEMATIC, \u044f\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043a\u0430, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443, \u0456 ULP \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0438 \u0454 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a. \u0423 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 schematic \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0454 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a, \u0456 0 \u0432 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0437 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0441 project, \u044f\u043a \u0443<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">project<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">schematic<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">S<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">...<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0426\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0446\u044e \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0443!<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <em>sheet<\/em> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0443 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <em>module<\/em> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0443 \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">schematic<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">schematic<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">S<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">S<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">parts<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">P<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Part: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> P<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n     <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"sheet-\"> \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442()<\/h4>\n<p> <strong>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">sheet<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">identifier<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> statement<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0443<\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <em>sheet<\/em> \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430. \u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 UL_SHEET, \u044f\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 ULP \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0438 \u0454 \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 sheet \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430. \u0423 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 sheet \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430, \u0456 0 \u0432 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sheet<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">sheet<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">S<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">S<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">instances<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">I<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Instance: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> I<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n     <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"symbol-\"> \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b()<\/h4>\n<p> <strong>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"pln\">symbol<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">identifier<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> statement<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0431\u0456\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0432, \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434<\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 <em>\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443<\/em> \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443. \u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 UL_SYMBOL, \u044f\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0456\u043c\u2019\u044f, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0434\u043e \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 ULP \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0438 \u0454 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443. \u0423 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u044f\u043a \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 1, \u044f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0454 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443, \u0456 0 \u0432 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"pre codeblock\"> <code class=\"prettyprint prettyprinted\" style=\"\"><span class=\"kwd\">if<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">symbol<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">symbol<\/span><\/code>lass=&quot;pun&quot;&gt;( <span class=\"pln\">S<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span><span class=\"pln\"> <\/span><span class=\"pun\">{<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">S<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">pins<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">P<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">)<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">printf<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">(<\/span> <span class=\"str\">&quot;Pin: %s\n&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">,<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">P<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">.<\/span> <span class=\"pln\">name<\/span> <span class=\"pun\">);<\/span><span class=\"pln\">\r\n     <\/span><span class=\"pun\">}<\/span><\/pre>\n<div class=\"related-links\">\n<div class=\"familylinks\">\n<div class=\"parentLink\"> <strong>\u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u043d\u043a\u0430:<\/strong> <a class=\"link\" href=\"?p=1164\">\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u041e\u0440\u0456\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u043d\u043a\u0438:<\/strong> <a class=\"link\" href=https:\/\/help.autodesk.com\/cloudhelp\/ENU\/Fusion-ECAD\/files\/ECD-ULP-BUILTINS.htm>Builtins<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u2013 \u0446\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438, \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456, \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438. \u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0412\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u044f\u043a \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0449\u043e. \u0411\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0456\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442, \u0443 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430 (\u0434\u0438\u0432., \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, UL_PIN). [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1164,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fusion360.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1165"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fusion360.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fusion360.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fusion360.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fusion360.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1165"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fusion360.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1165\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fusion360.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fusion360.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}